英語(yǔ)閱讀理解常考題型及解題技巧

解題技巧

u 詞義辨析題

生詞生義

熟詞生義

1）常見(jiàn)提問(wèn)方式

The underlined word “__”in the passage means __.

What does “___”in the third paragraph stand for?

The word/phrase “____” most nearly means ____.

The word/phrase “__” could best be replaced by __.

The word/phrase “__” in Line…, Para …refers to__

2）解題關(guān)鍵：聯(lián)系上下文語(yǔ)境

3）接近/遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：and, or

選擇或相對(duì)關(guān)系：對(duì)比or(要么，或者）

根據(jù)同位或解釋關(guān)系:生詞后定、表、同位語(yǔ)、破折號(hào)等

轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系：but,however,otherwise

根據(jù)因果關(guān)系:because, so that

據(jù)例舉的實(shí)例：for example

4）熟詞生義(跳出字面義）：

e.g.All these things can be a cause of stress, and it is best to face them honestly, and to bring our frustration into the open. People who have a row and then forget it are doing their health more good than those who bottle up their feelings.（2011）

42．Judging from the text, the word “row” in the third paragraph most probably means______

A．a noisy quarrel                     B．a boat journey

C．a good relationship                 D．a cured disease

5) 生詞生義

e.g.Dr Cheetham said：“I am dismayed by the increasing numbers of children we are treating with this entirely preventable condition.Fifty years ago，many children would have been given regular doses of cod liver oil，but this practice has all but died out.”（2010）

64. The underlined word“dismayed” in the fifth paragraph probably means “_______”.

    A. delighted        B. unconcerned    

C. entertained      D. shocked

 

u 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

對(duì)文中敘述的事實(shí)、細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行理解或判斷

直接信息題

間接信息題

1）表現(xiàn)形式

a.例證題（文中舉例的作用）

 e.g. / for example/for instance/such as/like

b.是非判斷題  

c.數(shù)字和年代

d.一些細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容

（what, where, who, how, which, why, how many, when）

2）常見(jiàn)提問(wèn)方式：

Which of the following is not mentioned?

How did Tom help the firemen to save his mother?

Why did John run downstairs first?

Who discovered the secret?

What did Jim do to protect himself?

When did Peter graduate from college?

Which of the following statements is true/false?

What is the right order of...?(排序題）

The underlined word "it" in the fourth paragraph refers to ...

......

3）解題技巧：

原文定位法。不想當(dāng)然地依賴自己的文化背景知識(shí);帶著問(wèn)題找句子，根據(jù)相應(yīng)出處的信息作選擇。

對(duì)關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)提高敏感度，時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物圈出來(lái)，以便做題時(shí)回頭再推敲。

注意識(shí)別指代詞語(yǔ)。為避免重復(fù)，文章中對(duì)多次提及的事物或現(xiàn)象會(huì)使用不同的詞語(yǔ)，如同義詞、近義詞、代詞。

注意有些選項(xiàng)是對(duì)原文的照搬，有些是原文內(nèi)容的換一種方式表達(dá)。

e.g1“....create thermal pollution in the bay”,“ no acceptable means for disposing of its radioactive wasters”,“ Stop Private Profits from Public Peril”....

    79. Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a reason for the demonstration? ____

    A. Public transportation.        B. Public peril.

    C. Pollution.                  D. Disposal of wastes.

E.g.2

1. Driver Wanted

(1)Clean driving license.

(2)Must be of smart appearance.

(3)Aged over 25.

Apply to: Capes Taxis, 17 Palace Road, Boston.

2.  Air Hostesses for International Flights Wanted

(1)Applicants must be between 20 and 33 years old.

(2)Height 1. 6m to 1. 75m.

(3)Education to GCSE standard.

(4)Two languages. Must be able to swim.

2.  Air Hostesses for International Flights Wanted

(1)Applicants must be between 20 and 33 years old.

(2)Height 1. 6m to 1. 75m.

(3)Education to GCSE standard.

(4)Two languages. Must be able to swim.

3. Teacher Needed

For private language school. Teaching experience unnecessary.

Apply to: The Director of Studies, Instant Language Ltd, 279 Canal Street,  Boston.

64. Which of the following is NOT mentioned here?____

    A. Marriage.

B. Male or female.

C. Education.

D. Working experience.

E.g.3

Kids count more than their colleges. Getting into Yale signify intelligence，talent and ambition. But it’s not the only indicator and，paradoxically, its significance is declining. The reason：so many similar people go elsewhere. Getting into college isn't life's only competition. In the next competition—the job market and graduate school—the results may change. Old-boy networks are breaking down. Princeton economist Alan Krueger studied admissions to one top Ph.D. program. High scores on the GRE helped explain who got in；degrees of prestigious universities didn't.

64. What does the author mean by“Kids count more than their colleges”?____

   A. Continuing education is more important to a person's success.

   B. A person's happiness should be valued more than their education.

   C. Kids' actual abilities are more important than their college background.

   D. What kids learn at college cannot keep up with job market requirements.