淺析形容詞和副詞用法區(qū)別

一、形容詞表示某一事物的特征,副詞表示某一動(dòng)作的特征.

She is beautiful.

She plays the piano very well.

二、形容詞和副詞只有兩種形式：原形和+er.

三、修飾內(nèi)容不同

形容詞修飾名詞,說(shuō)明事物或人的性質(zhì)或特征.通常,可將形容詞分成性質(zhì)形容詞和敘述形容詞兩類,其位置不一定都放在名詞前面.

1)　直接說(shuō)明事物的性質(zhì)或特征的形容詞是性質(zhì)形容詞,它有級(jí)的變化,可以用程度副詞修飾,在句中可作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)語(yǔ).例如：hot 熱的.

2)　敘述形容詞只能作表語(yǔ),所以又稱為表語(yǔ)形容詞.這類形容詞沒(méi)有級(jí)的變化,也不可用程 度副詞修飾.大多數(shù)以a開(kāi)頭的形容詞都屬于這一類.例如：afraid 害怕的.

(錯(cuò))　He is an ill man.

(對(duì))　The man is ill.

(錯(cuò))　She is an afraid girl.

(對(duì))　The girl is afraid.

這類詞還有： well,unwell,ill,faint,afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,awake 等.

The only person awake

形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞時(shí),要放在名詞的前邊.但是如果形容詞修飾以-thing為字尾的詞語(yǔ)時(shí),要放在這些詞之后

We should do everthing possible to ensure his safety.

大部分形容詞加-ly可構(gòu)成副詞.但 friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,仍為形容詞.

副詞主要用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞,形容詞,副詞或其他結(jié)構(gòu)(句子).

1、副詞的位置：

1) 在動(dòng)詞之前.

He always gets up late during holidays.

2) 在be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞之后.

He is seldom late for school.(他很少遲到)

3) 多個(gè)助動(dòng)詞時(shí),副詞一般放在第一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞后.

You should often have gone to see your parents.(不本應(yīng)該經(jīng)常去看你父母的)

注意：

a. 大多數(shù)方式副詞位于句尾,但賓語(yǔ)過(guò)長(zhǎng),副詞可以提前,以使句子平衡.

We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us.(我們可以清晰地看到在前面有一個(gè)奇怪的亮光)

b. 方式副詞well,badly糟、壞,hard等只放在句尾.

He speaks English well.

The boss pays his stuff very badly.(這位老板給他職員的工資很低)

2、副詞的排列順序：

1) 時(shí)間,地點(diǎn)副詞,小單位的在前,大單位在后.

He will arrive at a small village in England on this Monday.

2) 方式副詞,短的在前,長(zhǎng)的在后,并用and或but等連詞連接.

Please write slowly and with a good patience(請(qǐng)仔細(xì)慢慢寫(xiě))

3) 多個(gè)不同副詞排列：程度+地點(diǎn)+方式+時(shí)間副詞.

He has been badly caught by the flu at his hometown this summer.(今年夏天，他在家鄉(xiāng)感染了嚴(yán)重的流感)

注意：副詞very 可以修飾形容詞,但不能修飾動(dòng)詞.

He sings very well.(very在這里修飾的是副詞well，而well修飾動(dòng)詞sings)