淺析形容詞和副詞用法區(qū)別

一、形容詞表示某一事物的特征,副詞表示某一動作的特征.

She is beautiful.

She plays the piano very well.

二、形容詞和副詞只有兩種形式：原形和+er.

三、修飾內(nèi)容不同

形容詞修飾名詞,說明事物或人的性質(zhì)或特征.通常,可將形容詞分成性質(zhì)形容詞和敘述形容詞兩類,其位置不一定都放在名詞前面.

1)　直接說明事物的性質(zhì)或特征的形容詞是性質(zhì)形容詞,它有級的變化,可以用程度副詞修飾,在句中可作定語、表語和補語.例如：hot 熱的.

2)　敘述形容詞只能作表語,所以又稱為表語形容詞.這類形容詞沒有級的變化,也不可用程 度副詞修飾.大多數(shù)以a開頭的形容詞都屬于這一類.例如：afraid 害怕的.

(錯)　He is an ill man.

(對)　The man is ill.

(錯)　She is an afraid girl.

(對)　The girl is afraid.

這類詞還有： well,unwell,ill,faint,afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,awake 等.

The only person awake

形容詞作定語修飾名詞時,要放在名詞的前邊.但是如果形容詞修飾以-thing為字尾的詞語時,要放在這些詞之后

We should do everthing possible to ensure his safety.

大部分形容詞加-ly可構(gòu)成副詞.但 friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,仍為形容詞.

副詞主要用來修飾動詞,形容詞,副詞或其他結(jié)構(gòu)(句子).

1、副詞的位置：

1) 在動詞之前.

He always gets up late during holidays.

2) 在be動詞、助動詞之后.

He is seldom late for school.(他很少遲到)

3) 多個助動詞時,副詞一般放在第一個助動詞后.

You should often have gone to see your parents.(不本應(yīng)該經(jīng)常去看你父母的)

注意：

a. 大多數(shù)方式副詞位于句尾,但賓語過長,副詞可以提前,以使句子平衡.

We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us.(我們可以清晰地看到在前面有一個奇怪的亮光)

b. 方式副詞well,badly糟、壞,hard等只放在句尾.

He speaks English well.

The boss pays his stuff very badly.(這位老板給他職員的工資很低)

2、副詞的排列順序：

1) 時間,地點副詞,小單位的在前,大單位在后.

He will arrive at a small village in England on this Monday.

2) 方式副詞,短的在前,長的在后,并用and或but等連詞連接.

Please write slowly and with a good patience(請仔細慢慢寫)

3) 多個不同副詞排列：程度+地點+方式+時間副詞.

He has been badly caught by the flu at his hometown this summer.(今年夏天，他在家鄉(xiāng)感染了嚴(yán)重的流感)

注意：副詞very 可以修飾形容詞,但不能修飾動詞.

He sings very well.(very在這里修飾的是副詞well，而well修飾動詞sings)